George Thompson is a familiar name for many law enforcement officers. He deserves to be better known among EMTs, paramedics and firefighters as well.
Thompson, a former English professor turned police officer, was the author of several books, most notably
Before his death in 2011, Thompson led seminars in effective communication skills for thousands of police officers and was a pioneer of de-escalation techniques in law enforcement. Thompson also held a black belt in judo and ran a dojo, which informed his approach to management of confrontation between police and the public.
In his books and presentations, Thompson described what he saw as common sense: using tactical language calmly under pressure to achieve a clearly defined goal, with the priority of keeping officers safe. His research had found that most injuries to law enforcement officers came from escalation in a situation, rather than from the officer arriving when violence was already underway.
Today, many police departments engage in de-escalation training for their members, and in some states, it is required. However, despite often being first on the scene of an escalating situation, EMTs, paramedics and firefighters rarely get similar training.
De-escalation: 7 phrases to avoid
Most of the key points in Thompson鈥檚 verbal judo approach apply equally to firefighters and other first responders. In particular, there is this list of seven things to avoid saying:
- 鈥淗ey you! Come here!鈥� Initiating contact in this way sets up the encounter to be adversarial, even before you know the facts of the situation. Instead, introduce yourself and ask, 鈥淐an we talk?鈥�
- 鈥淐alm down!鈥� This is the last thing an agitated person needs to hear and will only make them more upset. Instead, try saying, 鈥淲hat鈥檚 the matter? Please talk to me. It鈥檚 going to be all right.鈥�
- 鈥淚鈥檓 not going to tell you again 鈥︹�� This will be perceived as a threat and will be reacted to as such. It is never good strategy to threaten someone. Instead, simply repeat the request or clearly state the outcome if the request is not met.
- 鈥淏e reasonable!鈥� This will have a similar effect as telling someone to calm down. Instead, say, 鈥淟et me see if I understand your position 鈥︹��
- 鈥淏ecause that鈥檚 the law.鈥� Yes, it may be the law, but just playing the authoritarian card will not help with compliance. Instead, explain why something needs to happen.
- 鈥淲hat鈥檚 your problem?鈥� This question can be interpreted many ways, depending on context, tone of voice and body language. You may mean it sincerely, but the person you are interacting with may feel you are being snide or sarcastic. Avoid misunderstandings by asking, 鈥淗ow can I help?鈥�
- 鈥淲hat do you want me to do about it?鈥� This question is not useful and may be perceived as a taunt. Clearly someone wants you to do something about the situation, or you would not have been called. Be helpful. Take responsibility. Ask yourself, 鈥淲hat can I do about it?鈥�
Using these verbal judo techniques or other de-escalation skills requires training and practice. Few people are naturally calm and reasonable in situations of escalating tension or danger.
It should also be noted that confrontation has physical consequences, such as rising heart rate and blood pressure 鈥� the 鈥渇ight or flight鈥� reaction. This may be a useful evolutionary response but will not help to de-escalate interpersonal conflict or make better decisions. To control these autonomic physiological responses, emergency responders must have go-to tactics and language at the ready.
Discussing techniques and philosophy of de-escalation is useful, but the best preparation for using any new skill is actually practicing it. This can happen through facilitated role-play and discussion of scenarios. This kind of training may be more difficult to manage in the age of COVID-19 restrictions but can still happen on some level even remotely.
The challenges that first responders routinely face are exaggerated in the era of the current pandemic. Especially now, after nine months of hardship and restrictions, many people are on the edge and liable to overreact under any kind of stress. De-escalation techniques such as verbal judo are more important now than ever. It鈥檚 a simple thing that can have a hugely beneficial outcome. Ultimately, it is another important way to stay safe.
This phrase has an amazing ability to get people in the middle of an angry rant to stop, listen, and reframe their argument
Editor鈥檚 note: How have you employed 鈥渧erbal judo鈥� on the incident scene? Share your ideas for talking to agitated patients or bystanders in the comments below.
This article was originally posted Dec. 18, 2020. It has been updated.
